In vivo evaluation of the therapeutic effect of insulin-loaded nanoparticles in an experimental model in Wistar rats

10.21158/23823399.v13.n1.2025.4140
Published 2025-05-11
Artículos científicos

Abstract

The development of controlled-release systems based on polymeric nanoparticles is a key strategy for the administration of compounds of pharmaceutical interest, such as insulin. Chitosan, a polymer derived from chitin, represents a promising platform due to its biocompatibility and versatility; however, traditional synthesis methods result in significant variability in physicochemical properties, limiting its therapeutic application. In this study, low-molecular-weight chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by modifying the ionic gelation method, using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a crosslinking agent and Eudragit® L100-55 as an enteric coating, with the aim of optimizing performance and oral delivery of recombinant human insulin. The nanoparticles had an average size of 299.86 ± 21.33 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.28 ± 0.05, and a zeta potential of -24.93 ± 1.10 mV, with a uniform ovoid morphology, confirmed by TEM. The system was shown to significantly reduce serum glucose levels in an in vivo pilot study in Wistar rats.

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